LM358 OP-AMP
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The LM358 is a widely-used, low-power dual operational amplifier (op-amp) integrated circuit. It is popular in electronics for general-purpose applications due to its cost-effectiveness, versatility, and ability to operate from a single power supply.
It consists of two independent, high-gain, internally frequency-compensated op-amps within a single chip.
Key Features and Specifications
Dual Op-Amp: Contains two separate operational amplifiers (Op-Amp 1 and Op-Amp 2).
Single Supply Operation: It can operate from a single power supply as low as +3V up to +32V, eliminating the need for a separate negative power rail in many applications. It can also be used with dual supplies, typically 1.5V to 16V.
Low Power Consumption: Its low supply current drain makes it suitable for battery-powered applications.
Wide Input Common-Mode Voltage Range: The input common-mode voltage range includes ground (or the negative supply rail), which is a major advantage in single-supply designs.
High DC Voltage Gain: Typically around 100dB.
Unity-Gain Bandwidth: Approximately 1MHz.
LM358 Pinout (8-Pin DIP Package)
The standard 8-pin package configuration is:
| Pin No. | Pin Name | Function |
| 1 | Output 1 | Output pin of the first Op-Amp. |
| 2 | Input 1 (-) / IN- | Inverting input of the first Op-Amp. |
| 3 | Input 1 (+) / IN+ | Non-inverting input of the first Op-Amp. |
| 4 | GND / V_EE | Ground or negative power supply connection. |
| 5 | Input 2 (+) / IN+ | Non-inverting input of the second Op-Amp. |
| 6 | Input 2 (-) / IN- | Inverting input of the second Op-Amp. |
| 7 | Output 2 | Output pin of the second Op-Amp. |
| 8 | VCC / V_DD | Positive power supply connection (+3V to 32V). |
Common Applications
The LM358 is versatile and frequently used in:
Comparator Circuits: The op-amp is used in its open-loop configuration to compare two input voltages and provide a high or low digital output.
Transducer Amplifiers: For amplifying weak signals from sensors and other transducers.
DC Gain Blocks: Used for general DC amplification and signal conditioning.
Active Filters: Used to build active low-pass, high-pass, and band-pass filters.
Battery Monitors/Level Indicators: Used to set voltage thresholds and indicate the charge status of a battery.